who Jesus is (according to John B)

John 1:29-37 ... We have seen that John  the Baptiser was very unselfish about his task.  He was clear that he was here to point to another person who would be much more important than him.  Note in this section we are talking most of the time about John as in John the one who Baptised, not John our writer.

Now for the first time in the introductory stories, Jesus appears.  In this incident, Jesus doesn't even say or do anything, it is all about John recognising Jesus for who he really is.

John tells the people around him how he knows who Jesus is.  First, he had known that he must look out for this person.  He had been given a way to recognise him: he would see a manifestation of the Holy Spirit come down on him.  He also knew that the whole point of his baptising people with water was to prepare people for this person who would invite people to be baptised with the Holy Spirit.  John clearly sees this as a big step up from what he is able to offer people.  In this passage (covering two days) John deliberately seems to invite people who are listening to him to go to Jesus instead, and even seems to hand over two of his own followers to become followers of Jesus.
Note: Baptising is a sort of ceremonial or ritual washing which is done as a symbol of something happening inside a person.

So on this day as Jesus comes towards him, John knows who he is.  He does what he has been saying he will do:  He tells everyone who is there that Jesus is the one he has been telling them to expect.  But he does more.  Before his whole explanation, he says:
"Look, the Lamb of God, who takes away the sin of the world!"
This is a remarkable statement.  He uses it again the next day when he encourages two of his disciples to go with Jesus.  But what does it mean?

In helping people to understand sin and holiness God had given some instructions for how people could relate to him without forgetting his perfection and purity.  This always involved sacrificing a lamb; this was a sign that sin is such a serious matter with respect to God's holiness that only death can touch it.  For sacrifice the lamb chosen had to be perfect, the best.  A lamb was sacrificed when an individual committed some obvious sin.  But once a year, everyone came together and each family sacrificed a lamb.  Then, at another time in the year, the priests sacrificed a special lamb to take away the sin of the whole nation.

So, when John said that Jesus was the 'Lamb of God', people would have known that he was talking about sacrifice and sin and holiness.  But in designating this Lamb as 'taking away the sin of the world'. a big jump is being made indicating some kind of super-sacrifice.  Obviously the full meaning is hidden.  It is like a conundrum waiting to tease our minds, a puzzle inviting us to explore.

And now we come to John the writer and why he used this story.  But that needs another post!

who John (the Baptiser) is not

The introduction section consists of four stories, and all of them revolve around two ideas: 

who is Jesus and how do various people respond to him.

John 1:19-28


The first story John (the writer) tells us is about John (the Baptiser).  This is one of his writing tricks, as he carries us forward into the story by catching onto something he has already put in our minds.  Here he is picking up the thread of the two ellipses in his cosmic prologue which were more down to earth.  So, we already know that a man called John was sent from God, and he showed people which person (Jesus) was the one from God.  Now we are going to hear actual records about events, days when he did these things.

People come to John here, specifically to ask who he is.  This clears out of the way any idea that perhaps John was the important one.  He is very clear, and a list emerges of who he is NOT.

• not the Messiah//  The Messiah basically means the one chosen by God.  Although "Messiah" is actually the Hebrew for "anointed one".  This translation still doesn't mean anything to most of us, so I may as well add that it means to have something (usually a fragrant oil) poured over one.  People were anointed when they were appointed to specific roles or tasks.  This was a physical ceremony (public or private) in appointing kings and priests, where oil was poured over the person's head.  It was full of symbolic meaning, and the idea of anointing came to carry a metaphorical meaning of being appointed by God.  The background idea of God's Spirit poured over the person (symbolised by the oil) carries the connotation both of authority and ability being conferred on the one appointed.  As God revealed that the appalling state of the world could only be dealt with by someone "super-special" sent direct from him, the word "Messiah" became associated with this person who was everyone's hope and prayer.
• not Elijah//  God had promised that a time would come when he would change everything.  People were expecting that God would send "Elijah" to prepare people for this time.   The original Elijah was a prophet, in other words, a person who gave messages from God to his people, especially the leaders.  Elijah was major character in the story of God's interaction with his people, and lived at a time when the other leaders were choosing to behave contrary to God's way, and even worshiped idols.  Elijah helped people see that God was real and the idols weren't.  (See 1Kings 18.)   Much later, during a time when people who said they belonged to God were living just like everyone else, God promised that he would send "Elijah" to turn people back to properly following him before he acted in a final cataclysm.  (See the last couple of verses of the Old Testament, Malachi 4:5-6.)   
• not the Prophet//  The Prophet was title for a person God was expected to send to finally sort out the world.  The phrase comes from where Moses was explaining to God's people that they were not allowed to use "magical" or "spiritual" practices to try to find things out.  He told them that God would send them 'a prophet like me', who would tell them anything God wanted them to know.  (See Deuteronomy 18:15.)  Later, at the end of Deuteronomy after the part Moses had had written down, a writer commented that 'since then no prophet has risen in Israel like Moses'.  This prophet was expected to 'show the mighty power' and 'perform awesome deeds' because God knows him 'face to face'.  (See Deuteronomy 34:10-12.)  Although in Moses was talking about 'ordinary' prophets who would help people to know how to follow God properly, the person who wrote the post-script was glorifying Moses as the super-prophet.  This combination of verses got people using the title "The Prophet" to mean the "super-special" person who God would send.

 John B is amazing here.  He has a huge following of people, and is so well known, and causing such a stir that the top leaders send people to try to find out 'who' he is.  Instead of using his fame to collect one of the titles currently up for grabs, he refuses any 'glory'.  It would have enhanced his standing enormously to claim just one of these titles for himself.  He could even have argued that it would do Jesus good if he claimed to be Elijah or the Prophet so that people would listen to him more when he told them about Jesus.

But he is so not into that.  He sees Jesus as in a completely different league, so he can't see himself as 'entitled'.  The role he has is enough, because Jesus is so beyond-words great to him ...

... but more of that next post!